Ukraine resumed airstrikes on Russian oil refineries on the 15th local time, defying pressure from the Donald Trump administration.

The move comes just a day after Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy slammed Russia's continuous attacks in an interview with the Financial Times (FT) the previous day, declaring that he would fight back directly even at the risk of worsening ties with the United States.

According to Reuters, the Wall Street Journal (WSJ), and the Guardian, Ukraine targeted a refinery located in the Ryazan region, southeast of Moscow, on that day.

Owned by the Russian state-owned oil company Rosneft, the facility accounts for about 5% of Russia's total refining capacity.

Regional authorities in Ryazan claimed that the refinery was attacked by 69 drones and four Flamingo cruise missiles.

Ukraine also stated that it used Neptune cruise missiles to strike an airfield in Russia's southern Voronezh region, shooting down four Su-34 fighter jets and damaging two others.

Ukraine had refrained from attacking Russia's energy sector since President Trump announced an energy truce on the 11th.

However, Russia did not stop its attacks on Ukrainian power plants and other facilities during this period.

Meanwhile, President Trump ignored Russia's ongoing attacks and only increased pressure on Ukraine.

In particular, early warnings against Russian ballistic missile attacks were suddenly cut off, and speed limits were even imposed on the Starshield system used for military purposes, raising speculation that these measures were intended to force an energy truce on Ukraine.

As this situation persisted, President Zelenskyy unleashed blunt remarks during an interview with the FT on his way to visit the United Kingdom.

He strongly criticized the Trump administration for dealing with Russia and overtly showing affection for Russian President Vladimir Putin, while also harshly declaring that his patience with Russia's continuous attacks had run out.

President Zelenskyy's level of criticism was direct and fierce enough to raise concerns in Europe.

Reuters pointed out that such sharp criticism could push U.S.-Ukraine relations to their worst level since the outbreak of the war in 2022.

President Trump has long shown a tendency to cozy up to Russia, but has not been very friendly toward President Zelenskyy.

During a summit at the White House in February of last year, he publicly reprimanded President Zelenskyy, causing bilateral ties to chill before European countries stepped in to barely prevent a catastrophe.

The difference this time is that while President Trump forced an energy truce and even mentioned the necessity of replacing the Ukrainian president, President Zelenskyy refused to endure it and openly fought back.

Observations suggest that this incident could lead President Trump's pressure on Ukraine to become more overt.

Ever since taking office last year, President Trump has stepped in to mediate, urging Ukraine to compromise by claiming he would end the war in Ukraine in a short time.

Inside Ukraine, concerns are also rising that conflict with the U.S. could lead to severe consequences.

This is because Ukraine relies on intelligence provided by the U.S. to defend against Russian attacks.

Russia also did not ease up on its airstrikes against Ukraine.

Russia poured drone attacks overnight into infrastructure facilities in central Ukraine.

The Kremlin also criticized Ukraine's targeting of Russian energy infrastructure as running counter to U.S. peace efforts.

Regarding the impact of Ukraine's refinery attacks that day, Russian President Vladimir Putin dismissed them, stating, "There was no particularly significant damage."