U.S. President Donald Trump has officially declared an end to the truce with Iran, and with Tehran responding that there will be no surrender, the two nations are entering a phase of intense confrontation.

While both sides maintain that they intend to continue dialogue, analysts suggest that the framework of the existing Memorandum of Understanding (MOU), which was based on the premise of a truce to negotiate an end to the war, has effectively been neutralized.

President Trump stated on his social media platform, Truth Social, on July 10 (local time), "The Islamic Republic of Iran has requested that we continue 'talks'." He added, "We agreed to this, but the United States has firmly informed the Iranian side that the truce has ended."

This follows his meeting with NATO Secretary General Mark Rutte on July 8, where he remarked that the MOU on ending the war "seems to be over," effectively formalizing the end of the ceasefire.

By explicitly declaring the end of the truce while keeping the possibility of dialogue open, Trump has signaled a shift in the negotiation environment—from one based on a ceasefire to one where armed conflict could resume at any moment.

This appears to reflect President Trump's determination to maintain military pressure in response to what the U.S. deems violations of the MOU by Iran, such as attacks on merchant vessels in the Strait of Hormuz.

Iran has also expressed its resolve to respond firmly.

Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf, Speaker of the Parliament, who has been leading the war-ending negotiations for Iran, stated on this day, "It is clear that ending the war is the top priority, but this conflict will never end with Iran's surrender."

He warned, "We have never lowered our guard in defending our homeland in case the U.S. breaks the agreement," adding, "If the U.S. provokes us again, we will reclaim our legitimate rights through an all-out defensive war."

Furthermore, regarding President Trump's claim that "Iran requested to continue talks," Iranian Foreign Ministry spokesperson Esmaeil Baghaei denied the assertion, stating, "We have not requested negotiations with the United States."

However, spokesperson Baghaei added that Iran has accepted a visit from Qatari mediators.

Qatar is considered to have played a decisive role in narrowing key differences during the process of reaching the MOU between the U.S. and Iran last month.

While both the U.S. and Iran have demonstrated a willingness to respond with force if necessary, neither side has completely closed the door to negotiations.

With tensions rising again due to Iran's attacks on civilian merchant ships in the Strait of Hormuz and subsequent U.S. retaliatory airstrikes, observers suggest that the likelihood of a prolonged, high-stakes standoff has increased.

Even if dialogue continues, the conditions for negotiation have significantly worsened compared to the period when both sides recognized the validity of the war-ending MOU, suggesting that reaching a new agreement will be a difficult process.

In particular, analysts point out that the issue of the Strait of Hormuz, which served as the direct trigger for the recent armed clashes, stems from fundamental differences in how each side interprets the MOU.

Article 5 of the MOU stipulates that Iran will take necessary measures to resume navigation in the Strait of Hormuz—which had been blocked by the war—guarantee safe passage, and make efforts to remove military obstacles such as sea mines.

It also includes provisions for Iran to consult with Oman and neighboring countries on future management of the strait.

The U.S. interprets Article 5 as the basis for guaranteeing safe navigation in the Strait of Hormuz, whereas Iran views it as a clause that recognizes Iran's exclusive control over the strait.

In practice, Iran has been attacking merchant ships that do not use designated routes along its coast, insisting that all vessels must follow these paths.

The U.S. has labeled these actions as violations of the MOU and has continued its hardline response, combining retaliatory airstrikes with additional sanctions.

Following the reinstatement of sanctions on Iranian crude oil on July 7, the U.S. also announced sanctions on the financiers of Iranian Supreme Leader Mojtaba Khamenei on this day.

Nevertheless, it is reported that neither side has abandoned the ultimate intention of restoring the existing framework for ending the war.

Back-channel discussions through mediators and other parties appear to be ongoing.

The U.S. online media outlet Axios, citing sources, reported that additional negotiations between the U.S. and Iran are scheduled to be held in Switzerland next week.

A diplomat familiar with the back-channel discussions told Axios that officials from the Qatari mediation team are visiting Iran on this day to meet with Iranian authorities following coordination with the U.S.

The diplomat stated, "It is clear that both sides want to return to the MOU."

However, given the increased mutual distrust following recent armed clashes, it is expected that additional confidence-building measures will need to precede any return to a functioning MOU system.

For the U.S., the stabilization of the Strait of Hormuz and the resumption of nuclear negotiations are expected to be key conditions, while for Iran, the cessation of further airstrikes and the easing of sanctions will likely be the primary demands.

Whether both sides can return to a truce through dialogue and stabilize the framework for negotiations will likely be a turning point for the future of the Middle East.